Digg health blog

22, according to the German News Agency reported that the University of Giessen researchers found that in the hot seat to sit on the 1 hour so that the male testes will be as high as 39.7 degrees Celsius temperature than the health of sperm needed to produce the best high temperature of 4-5 degrees Celsius .

The researchers let 30 healthy volunteers in the hot seat on the 90-minute ride. 1 hour, they reached the testicular temperature 37.3 degrees Celsius on average, than the health of sperm needed to produce the best high-temperature 2 degrees Celsius, in which a human testicular temperature as high as 39.7 degrees Celsius.

The group responsible Andreas Jung said that as long as a slight increase in testicular temperature (just like their experiment shows) is enough for a healthy sperm production pose a potential harm.

Boston’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital doctor said the disease led to the death rate because each year between the United States to receive gastric bypass surgery and stomach of the 11 million people, mostly in women of reproductive age.

Hospital surgeon Dr. Edward E. Whang treatment two years ago, a 41-year-old woman. At that time, as a result of sudden abdominal pain was misdiagnosed, the woman in another hospital Zhuleliangtian was transferred to the hospital’s emergency room.

Dr. Whang learned that the woman had received gastric bypass surgery, and another in the hospital for antenatal care.

Symptoms showed that the woman has some serious infection, Whang Dr. for the implementation of the emergency operation. He found that most of the small intestine has hernia, or in the vicinity of the Department has been ruptured diaphragm, which is conducting due to gastric bypass surgery will be reset after the small intestine caused by the fault. The obstruction of the small intestine of blood stretching a result, these organizations began to necrosis.

At that time, the fetus is dead. Dr. Whang carried out to repair the small intestine, but in the end the woman or in a few hours later died. Her weight was 200 kilograms, she initially did not receive the number of body weight.

American Obesity Surgery Society, said Dr. Harvey Sugerman, this is a tragedy, but you have to surgery on the advantages and disadvantages of all-round consideration.

Dr. Sugerman pointed out that there have been three studies have shown that, had gastric bypass surgery, the patient’s obesity rate than non-obese surgery four to five times lower. Other studies also showed that for weight loss surgery, the rate of complications during pregnancy have been reduced.

Dr. Sugerman is estimated that the United States this year will be carried out more than 110,000 cases of gastric bypass surgery. Surgical complications occurred in one-fifth of the rate of about every 200 patients, 1-4 cases have died.

Dr. Sugerman and other doctors said that patients after surgery have not been new cases of maternal and child deaths.

The findings, published in August in the “New England Journal of Medicine.”

The so-called proliferation means in real terms due to the increase in the number of cells caused by the tissues, organs of the volume increase is caused by a variety of reasons mitotic activity strengthened. Human prostate is no exception, from birth to adolescence, the development of the prostate, slow growth; of adolescent, the growth rate accelerated to about 24-year-old development to peak between 30 to 45-year-old than the size of its value, after part of the People tend to shrink and become smaller in size gland, others tend to be hyperplasia, gland volume increased gradually, if obvious oppression of the Department of the prostate urethra, can cause bladder outlet obstruction and the emergence of symptoms related to voiding difficulty, that is, the prostate Hyperplasia. As a result of such proliferation is a benign lesion, so called benign prostatic hyperplasia (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia referred to as BPH), prostatic hyperplasia known as the old.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a common disease of older men, generally in the 40-year-old proliferation occurred after the start of the pathological changes that occur after the 50-year-old related symptoms.

At present, the cause of benign prostatic hyperplasia is still not very clear, but there are three theories that deserves our attention:

(1) the role of sex hormones: in 1972, Willson first RIA measured the proliferation of prostate gland DHT (DHT) levels than normal glands high 2 to 3 times during the same period of the first gland surrounding the urethra hyperplasia DHT gland content than other regions, and accordingly put forward the theory of dihydrotestosterone, that the incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia and dihydrotestosterone in the build-up inside the gland, testis functional for the existence of benign prostatic hyperplasia took place the necessary conditions Its incidence increases with age and higher. Testosterone into the prostate cells, can not play a direct role but has been in the microsomal 5α-reductase into 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 5α-DHT, the active testosterone than the strong-2 3 times, it can be combined to form a special receptor cells into the complex, and nuclear receptor connection with the combination of chromatin and thus affect the synthesis of RNA and DNA.

It was also suggested that prostate hyperplasia in estrogen and androgen combination in the state can stimulate cell synthesis and secretion of extracellular matrix protein in the cells surrounding the formation of a layer of dense connective tissue fibers and to participate in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia, or benign prostatic hyperplasia The development and changes taken place in the existence of male and female hormones in synergy with each other, male and female hormones change the balance of benign prostatic hyperplasia is the cause.

(2) of the prostate cell embryo for another wake-up: Studies have found that the original benign prostatic hyperplasia pathological changes that the formation of nodular hyperplasia only in the prostate gland accounts for 5% to 10% of the region, that is close to the prostate and transitional zone of the sphincter At the inside of the urethral sphincter around the area, the prostatic hyperplasia nodular gland is the first change in the organization of proliferation, that is, the original tubular form a new branch, long into the vicinity of the interstitial, after further complicated after the formation of a new branch Framework structure (that is, the nodule), McNeal embryonic development in accordance with the basic characteristics of the formation of the new structure is made of benign prostatic hyperplasia embryo and then wake-up theory that the formation of benign prostatic hyperplasia nodules is a prostate stromal cells in the process of spontaneous growth Into a state of embryonic development.

(3) changes in the proportion of cells: Some people believe that the structure of the prostate there is a strict hierarchy: stem cells, cells enlarge → → transition cells, stem cells in the basal cell layer, is a normal prostate cell growth factor in the stability of stem cells may be part of the development Zoom into a cell, the growth of prostate cells have a positive effect, if too many of their number can be caused by prostate cells, the overall increase in the number, but part of the cell through the androgen in the under-derived cells into the transition to realize that the androgen To stimulate the transition of all the cloned cell proliferation was a result of the formation of benign prostatic hyperplasia.

(4) and peptide growth factor: a peptide growth factor type of regulation of cell differentiation, the growth of peptide substances, studies have shown that peptide growth factor directly regulate the growth of prostate cells, and sex hormones only indirectly Role. At present, was found in benign prostatic hyperplasia occurred in the course play an important role in the peptide growth factors, including: epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor α and β, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and insulin-like growth factor - Ⅰ And so on, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been proven to promote human prostate homogenate in almost all cells in mitosis, the incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia position is more and more attention.